Mesenquimoma fibrocartilaginoso de hueso: caso clínico.

Se presenta un caso clínico de un mesenquimoma fibrocartilaginoso a nivel de tibia proximal. Se trata de una rara entidad anatomopatológica descrita por Dahlin en 1984. La lesión puede ser localmente agresiva y el tratamiento debe ser una resección tumoral amplia. Realizamos una revisión de la bibliografía, señalando las principales características de esta entidad poco frecuente.We report a case of fibrocartilaginous mesenchy- moma of bone located in proximal tibia. This is a rare bone tumor which was described in 1984 by Dahlin. The lesion may be locally aggresive and the treatment must be a wide resec- tion. The pertinent medical literature related to this uncom- mon entity has been reviewed

Design considerations for tailoring the thickness profile of transparent dielectric deposits by continuous-wave laser deposition

The distribution of a transparent dielectric material deposited onto a planar substrate by a continuous-wave laser is studied concerning the dependence on the light-intensity distribution. Theory is derived to model the thickness profile of the condensed material, with the aim of supporting the fabrication of free-from optics. Experiments have been performed to test the theory on the basis of an infrared-transmitting chalcogenide glass.Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia FIS2008- 00260Consejería de Innovación, Ciencia y Empresa de Andalucía FQM-423

Content categories system for body constructs applied to patients with mastectomy

Body image is a predictor of psychological adjustment to cancer and a risk factor for depression. Questionnaires to assess body image in cancer patients assume a preconceived concept of body image and do not reflect the patient's subjective experience. This study aims to develop a content categories system for analyzing body constructs in breast cancer patients from their own experience. Methods The sample comprised 542 constructs, from 23 patients subjected to surgery (12 mastectomy/11 breast-conserving surgery) and 24 controls. Participants were assessed with the Body Grid. Three independent judges coded the constructs elicited following a tentative categories system. Result Six categories appeared: Objective Appearance, Esthetics, Function, Strength, Energy and Emotions, with similar distribution in the samples. Objective Appearance, Esthetics and Emotions were the most used. The inter-rater agreement was very good. Conclusions These findings highlight the importance of knowing which thematic areas concern the most to each patient and the absent ones in their constructions, in order to focus psychotherapy on the developing of new meanings that allow a more integrated body imag

SIRT1 enhances glucose tolerance by potentiating brown adipose tissue function

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.-- et al.[Objective]: SIRT1 has been proposed to be a key signaling node linking changes in energy metabolism to transcriptional adaptations. Although SIRT1 overexpression is protective against diverse metabolic complications, especially in response to high-fat diets, studies aiming to understand the etiology of such benefits are scarce. Here, we aimed to identify the key tissues and mechanisms implicated in the beneficial effects of SIRT1 on glucose homeostasis. [Methods]: We have used a mouse model of moderate SIRT1 overexpression, under the control of its natural promoter, to evaluate glucose homeostasis and thoroughly characterize how different tissues could influence insulin sensitivity. [Results]: Mice with moderate overexpression of SIRT1 exhibit better glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity even on a low fat diet. Euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamps and in-depth tissue analyses revealed that enhanced insulin sensitivity was achieved through a higher brown adipose tissue activity and was fully reversed by housing the mice at thermoneutrality. SIRT1 did not influence brown adipocyte differentiation, but dramatically enhanced the metabolic transcriptional responses to β3-adrenergic stimuli in differentiated adipocytes. [Conclusions]: Our work demonstrates that SIRT1 improves glucose homeostasis by enhancing BAT function. This is not consequent to an alteration in the brown adipocyte differentiation process, but as a result of potentiating the response to β3-adrenergic stimuli.M.S. is funded by the CNIO and by grants from the MICINN (SAF), the Regional Government of Madrid, the European Research Council (CANCER&AGING; LS1, ERC-2008-AdG), the Botín Foundation, the Ramón Areces Foundation, and the AXA Foundation. P.J.F.M. is funded by the AECC. A.M.V. is funded by the following grant support: SAF2012-33283 (MINECO, Spain), Comunidad de Madrid S2010/BMD-2423, EFSD and Amylin Paul Langerhans Grant and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM, ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain). P.M.G.R. is funded by the following grant support: BFU2011-24679 (MINECO, Spain) and he is a recipient of a Ramon y Cajal contract: RYC-2009-05158(MINECO, Spain).Peer Reviewe

Necrosis del miembro superior tras administración de drogas vía arterial: caso clínico

La administración de drogas por vía parenteral puede causar complicaciones de variada intensidad que pueden llegar a comprometer la viabilidad no sólo de la extremidad, sino también la vida del paciente. Los mejores resultados terapéuticos se lograrían con un diagnóstico y tratamiento precoces. La amputación del miembro debe reservarse para necrosis establecidas y limitadas del mismo.The injection of drugs can cause complications of varying intensity which can compromise the viability of not only the limb but also the patient's life. The best therapeutic results can be achieved with early diagnosis and treatment. Amputation should be reserved for a demarcated gangrene

Cultural dynamism and business vitality in medium-sized cities—evidence and proposals for sustainable development

This work uses tools recently designed to conduct analyses and proposals around the cultural development of medium-sized cities. The Cultural and Creative Cities Monitor model, or CCCM, is first applied to the 81 cities in Spain with between 50, 000 and 100, 000 inhabitants. We also refer to the UNESCO Culture/2030 Indicators, specifically indicator 8 (Cultural companies), to in-vestigate whether cultural dynamism is related to business vitality in those cities. Our observation of the 29 CCCM indicators and the C3 index, which synthesizes cultural performance, is explained, and these data are complemented with cultural business data (on assets, benefits, and jobs) from a sample of 13, 204 firms. The C3 index values reveal significant differences in the cultural and creative performance of the selected cities according to their location (metropolitan or non-metropolitan) and their administrative rank. Moreover, when comparing the C3 index with the indicators on business activity, evidence indicates a clear positive relationship between cultural dynamism and firm vitality. These results support the contribution of culture to the sustainable development of me-dium-sized Spanish cities and further establish the suitability of the tools used to assist cities in designing appropriate cultural policies

Ripretinib in gastrointestinal stromal tumor: the long-awaited step forward

Ripretinib; Sarcoma; Inhibidor de la tirosina cinasaRipretinib; Sarcoma; Inhibidor de la tirosina quinasaRipretinib; Sarcoma; Tyrosine kinase inhibitorGastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) represents a paradigm for clinically effective targeted inhibition of oncogenic driver mutations in cancer. Five drugs are currently positioned as the standard of care for the treatment of advanced or metastatic GIST patients. This is the result of continuous, deep understanding of KIT and PDGFRA GIST oncogenic drivers as well as the resistance mechanisms associated to tumor progression. However, the complexity of GIST molecular heterogeneity is an evolving field, and critical questions remain open. Specifically, the clinical benefit of approved and/or investigated targeted agents is strikingly modest at advanced stages of the disease when compared with the activity of first-line imatinib. Ripretinib is a novel switch-pocket inhibitor with broad activity against KIT and PDGFRA oncoproteins and has recently demonstrated antitumoral activity across phase I to phase III clinical trials. Therefore, ripretinib has emerged as a new standard of care for advanced, multi-resistant GIST patients. Based on this data, the Food and Drug Administration has granted in 2020 the approval of ripretinib for GIST patients after progression to imatinib, sunitinib and regorafenib. This, in turn, constitutes a major breakthrough in sarcoma drug development, as there have not been new treatment approvals in GIST for nearly a decade. Herein, we provide a critical review on the preclinical and clinical development of ripretinib in GIST. Furthermore, we seek to assess the biological and clinical impact of this new standard of care on the course of the disease, aiming to provide an insight on future treatments strategies for the next coming years.The authors received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article

A highly-safe live auxotrophic vaccine protecting against disease caused by non-typhoidal Salmonella Typhimurium in mice

Background: Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) has become an important intestinal pathogen worldwide and is responsible for lethal invasive infections in populations at risk. There is at present an unmet need for preventive vaccines. Methods: IRTA GN-3728 genome was sequenced by Illumina and D-glutamate and D-glutamate/D-alanine knockout-auxotrophs were constructed. They were characterized using electron microscopy, growth/viability curves, reversion analysis, and motility/agglutination assays. Their potential as vaccine candidates were explored using two BALB/c mouse models for Salmonella infections: a systemic and an intestinal inflammation. Clinical signs/body weight and survival were monitored, mucosal lactoferrin and specific/cross-reactive IgA/IgG were quantified by enzyme-linked-immunosorbent assays and bacterial shedding/burden in fecal/tissues were evaluated. Results: The D-glutamate auxotroph, IRTA DmurI, is highly attenuated, immunogenic and fully protective against systemic infection. The IRTA DmurI Dalr DdadX double auxotroph, constructed to reinforce vaccine safety, showed a higher level of attenuation and was 100% effective against systemic disease. In the intestinal model, it proved to be safe, yielding a lowdegree of mucosal inflammation, short-term shedding and undetectable invasiveness in the long-term, while eliciting cross-reactive fecal IgA/serum IgG against clinically relevant multidrug-resistant (MDR) S. Typhimurium strains. It also conferred protection against homologous oral challenge, and protected mice from local and extra-intestinal dissemination caused by one MDR strain responsible for an international outbreak of highly severe human infections. Additionally, oral vaccination promoted extended survival after lethal heterologous infection. Conclusion: This study yielded a very safe S. Typhimurium vaccine candidate that could be further refined for mucosal application against disease in humans.This study was supported by a grant from SERGAS (The Galician Healthcare Service) (Programs “InnovaSaude” and “InnovaMicrolab”), the Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases (RD16/0016/0006), CIBERINFEC, project PI18/00501, funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III and cofunded by European Union (ERDF, “A way to make Europe”), and PI21/00704, funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) and co-funded by the European Union, awarded to GB, and by CZ Vaccines. VFV is funded by a predoctoral fellowship from Xunta de Galicia (IN606A-2019/012).S

Variability of the Martian thermosphere during eight Martian years as simulated by a ground-to-exosphere global circulation model

Using a ground-to-exosphere general circulation model for Mars we have simulated the variability of the dayside temperatures at the exobase during eight Martian years (MY, from MY24 to MY31, approximately from 1998 to 2013), taking into account the observed day-to-day solar and dust load variability. We show that the simulated temperatures are in good agreement with the exospheric temperatures derived from Precise Orbit Determination of Mars Global Surveyor. We then study the effects of the solar variability and of two planetary-encircling dust storms on the simulated temperatures. The seasonal effect produced by the large eccentricity of the Martian orbit translates in an aphelion-to-perihelion temperature contrast in every simulated year. However, the magnitude of this seasonal temperature variation is strongly affected by the solar conditions, ranging from 50 K for years corresponding to solar minimum conditions to almost 140 K during the last solar maximum. The 27 day solar rotation cycle is observed on the simulated temperatures at the exobase, with average amplitude of the temperature oscillation of 2.6 K but with a significant interannual variability. These two results highlight the importance of taking into account the solar variability when simulating the Martian upper atmosphere and likely have important implications concerning the atmospheric escape rate. We also show that the global dust storms in MY25 and MY28 have a significant effect on the simulated temperatures. In general, they increase the exospheric temperatures over the low latitude and midlatitude regions and decrease them in the polar regions.©2015. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.F.G.G. was partly funded by a CSIC JAE-Doc grant financed by the European Social Fund. F.G.G., M.-A.L.V., and M.G.C. thank the Spanish MICINN for funding support through the CONSOLIDER program ASTROMOLCSD2009-00038 and through projects AYA2011-23552/ESP and AYA2012-39691-C02-01. This work has also been partially funded by the ESA-CNES project Mars Climate Database and Physical Models.Peer Reviewe

Hiperplasia angiolinfoide con eosinofilia: a propósito de una localización atípica en músculo trapecio

La hiperplasia angiolinfoide con eosinofilia es una patología poco frecuente de presentación clínica inespecífica que lleva a que rara vez se diagnostique antes del estudio histológico. Habitualmente afecta a piel y tejido celular subcutáneo siendo rara la localización extracutánea. Presentamos un caso clínico de una tumoración en una mujer de 46 años localizada a nivel del músculo trapecio; y revisamos las características histopatológicas y de tratamiento de esta patología.Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia is an uncommon condition with non-specific clinical symptoms that needs a histological study to have the diagnosis. Usually this lesion occurs in the skin and the subcutaneous tissue, with extracutaneous affection being rare. We describe a tumour affecting the trapezius muscle in a 40- year-old woman; and we review the histopathologic findings and the treatment of this pathology